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LATE JURASSIC MORRISON FORMATION

The Ornithischians

updated 110914

Megafauna sauropods dominated the Morrison and ornithischians are medium to small plant eaters. Stegosaurs are the largest of the ornithischians and the most common.

Stegosaurids (roof lizards), the "plated dinosaurs", formed a suborder of their own. They were guarded by either bony plates, spikes or both on neck, back and tail. The pattern of plates and spines is species specific and may have played a role in recognition. They usually walked on all fours but may have reared to browse on trees, although today they are generally considered low-level browsers.

Under attack from Allosaurus they used their spiky tails, but their sides were probably vulnerable. The largest were twice as long as a rhinoceros but lighter.

The ornithopod "bird-footed" bird hipped dinosaurs were generally the dinosaur equivalents of browsing mammals such as deer and gazelles. They included the small, agile hypsilophodontids and camptosaurids.

Camptosaurus was one of the first dinosaurs to develop cheek pouches. A probable ancestor of Iguanodon, it was quite widespread but uncommon in the Morrison.

Dryosaurs fast, bipedal herbivores resembled both the hypsilophodonts and the iguanodonts, and were able to forage up to 3 - 6 ft. above the ground. They had relatively long and slender forearms, and differed from both Camptosaurids and Iguanodontids in their teeth and pelvis.

They were relatively small, up to 13 ft long and 155 lb in weight with a short snout, triangular shaped skull terminating in a beakless, bony beak. There were diverse types in the Morrison based on fragmentary remains.

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